Incentive, Trade-off, and Opportunity cost on... Buses vs Cars

Today I was on an empty bus stuck in traffic. Therefor I told myself, "If many more people would use buses and less cars there would be less traffic and less pollution." Then the concept of trade-off came to my mind. I realized that many people to do so would have to refuse to use their car with all its comforts and go in a bus where probably they wouldn't even be able to sit. So, I asked myself "What kind of incentives would bring people to use more buses and less cars?".

So I found some answers that might help:

1. There should be more seats for more people.

2. The frequency of buses should rise almost excessively.

3. The ticket costs should be so cheap for people to realize that they spend more money on fuel than on buying tickets every day.

But in the end the opportunity cost would be too high for many because people are not willing to suddenly leave their car to be heaped up in a bus that is, objectively, less comfortable.